Background: Meta-analysis research was implemented to appraise the effect of resident participation (RP) in ophthalmic surgery (OS) on wound dehiscence (WD). Methods: Inclusive literature research until April 2023 was done, and 645 interconnected researches were revised. The 7 picked researches, enclosed 4224 OS persons were in the utilized researchers' starting point, 2189 of them were utilizing RP, and 2035 were no RP. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to appraise the consequence of RP in OS on WD by the dichotomous approach and a fixed or random model. Results: RP had significantly higher WD (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.04-2.76, p=0.03) compared to no RP in OS persons. Conclusions: RP had significantly higher WD compared to no RP in OS persons. However, caution needs to be taken when interacting with its values since there was a low sample size of some of the chosen researches and a low number of researches found for the comparison in the meta-analysis.

Background: 

The world is facing a terrible challenge to overcome the COVID-19 global outbreak. The spread of COVID-19 pandemic disease has put global health, life and work style, social and economic growth at high risk. The current study was aimed at extracting COVID-19 related information, attitudes and behaviors commitment level from the general population and healthcare workers in the central region of Egypt.

Method: 

A cross-sectional online survey of 1312 Egyptian residents was conducted between 11^th May and 15^th June 2020. A questionnaire containing 28 knowledge and 56 attitude items was completed by all the participants. Stratified random sampling was applied to select the study participants. In this analysis, data was collected using a questionnaire that was developed and validated. The questionnaire included demographic variables and items relating to COVID-19 awareness, attitudes and practices. Descriptive and inferential experiments were carried out.

Results: 

In total, 1312 participants completed the questionnaire; 80.2% of the participants have good knowledge about different modes of transmission of COVID-19, 5.6% obtain their knowledge from WHO website and 60.5% from multiple sources. The results showed positive attitude from the participants towards COVID-19 protective measures as 81.0% wearing masks, 85.2% washing their hands, 76.6% using alcohol and hand gel hygiene, and 64.5% using surface disinfectants.

Conclusion: 

The findings highlight the value of clear communications from health authorities and the government, as well as the need for targeted health education programs to promote awareness, behaviors and practice levels.

Background

We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of a phosphate-specific intake on serum phosphate levels in hemodialysis subjects.

Methods

A systematic literature search up to November 2021 was done and 14 studies included 1284 hemodialysis subjects at the start of the study; 671 of them were provided with phosphate-specific intake, and 613 were control. We calculated the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the influence of phosphate-specific intake on serum phosphate levels in hemodialysis subjects by the contentious method with a random or fixed-influence model.

Results

Phosphate-specific intake had significantly better serum phosphate levels change (MD, -0.66; 95% CI, -0.95- -0.36, p<0.001) with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 71%) compared to control in hemodialysis subjects

Conclusions

Phosphate-specific intake had significantly lower serum phosphate levels change compared to control in hemodialysis subjects. Further studies are required.

Background

We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of neuraxial anesthesia compared to general anesthesia on postoperative results in hip fracture surgery subjects.

Methods

A systematic literature search up to January 2021 was done and 20 studies included 298785 subjects with hip fracture surgery at the start of the study; 80783 of them were under neuraxial anesthesia, and 218002 of them were under general anesthesia. They were reporting relationships between the effects of neuraxial anesthesia compared to general anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) or the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effects of neuraxial anesthesia compared to general anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery using the dichotomous or continuous method with a random or fixed-effect model.

Results

Neuraxial anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery was significantly related to lower acute myocardial infarction (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-0.99, p=0.04), hypotension (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.20-0.70, p=0.002), and postoperative cognitive dysfunction postoperative 1day (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.17-0.42, p<0.001) compared to general anesthesia.

However, no significant difference was found between neuraxial anesthesia and general anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery in a postoperative cognitive dysfunction postoperative 7days (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.37-1.09, p=0.10), pneumonia (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.29-1.62, p=0.39), length of hospital stay (MD, 0.75; 95% CI, -1.39-2.90, p=0.49),  deep venous thrombosis (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.50-2.95, p=0.68), 30-day mortality (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.53-2.34, p=0.77), blood loss (MD, -57.47; 95% CI, -123.36-8.41, p=0.09), and delirium (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.32-2.49, p=0.96).

Conclusions

Neuraxial anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery may decrease the risk of acute myocardial infarction, hypotension, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction postoperative 1 day compared to general anesthesia. Furthers studies are required to validate these findings.

Background:

We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of dual antithrombotic treatment (DATT) including direct oral anticoagulants (OAs) versus triple antithrombotic (TAT) with vitamin K antagonist on bleeding and ischemic results in atrial fibrillation (AF) after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods:

A systematic literature search up to April 2021 was done and 5 studies included 8019 subjects with AF using antithrombotic treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention at the start of the study; 4325 of them were using DATT and 3694 were using TATs. They were reporting relationships between the effects of DATT including direct OAs versus TAT with vitamin K antagonist on bleeding and ischemic results in AF after percutaneous coronary intervention. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effects of DATT including direct OAs versus TAT with vitamin K antagonist on bleeding and ischemic results in AF after percutaneous coronary intervention using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed-effect model.

Results:

Dual antithrombotics had significantly lower major bleeding (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.51-0.66, p<0.001), and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major and minor bleeding (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.36-0.67, p<0.001) compared to TATs in subjects with AF using antithrombotics treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention.

However, antithrombotics had no significantly difference in all-cause mortality (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.88-1.33, p=0.46), cardiovascular mortality (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.83-1.38, p=0.63), myocardial infarction (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.92-1.46, p=0.01), stent thrombosis (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.94-2.12., p=0.09), and stroke (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.59-1.25, p=0.42) compared to TATs in subjects with AF using antithrombotics treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Conclusions:

Dual antithrombotics may have a lower risk of major bleeding, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major and minor bleeding compared to TATs in subjects with AF using antithrombotic treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, antithrombotics had no significant difference in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and stroke compared to TATs in subjects with AF using antithrombotics treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention. Furthers studies are required to validate these findings.