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Open Access Review Article

Oral Mucosal Absorption: Mechanisms, Methods, and Challenges in Drug Delivery

by Ossama M. Sayed 1,* orcid
1
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41612, Egypt
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
IJCMR  2024, 37; 2(5), 37; https://doi.org/10.61466/ijcmr2050002
Received: 17 June 2024 / Accepted: 22 August 2024 / Published Online: 25 August 2024
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Abstract

This review focuses on the mechanisms and methods involved in oral mucosal absorption, with a particular emphasis on drug delivery systems. It begins by discussing the protective role of saliva in the oral cavity, highlighting its importance in maintaining the health of the oral tissues and facilitating drug delivery. The review then delves into the mechanisms of oral mucosal absorption, including passive diffusion, which is the primary mechanism for drug transfer across the oral mucosa. It also explores the use of hydrophilic polymeric matrices as vehicles for oral transmucosal drug delivery systems, which are favored due to the water-rich environment of the oral cavity. The review further discusses the methods used to assess oral mucosal permeation, including both in vivo and in vitro approaches. In vivo methods, such as the buccal absorption test, are used to determine the bioavailability of drugs via this route, while in vitro methods are employed for high-throughput permeability screening. The review concludes by addressing the challenges and limitations associated with oral mucosal drug delivery, such as the difficulty in studying regional variation in drug absorption and the limitations of in vitro permeability models in predicting in vivo situations.

Keywords: Buccal; Diffusion; Epithelial; mucosa; mucoadhesion; polymers;
Copyright: © 2024 by Sayed. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ACS Style
Sayed, O. M. Oral Mucosal Absorption: Mechanisms, Methods, and Challenges in Drug Delivery. International Journal of Clinical Medical Research, 2024, 2, 37. https://doi.org/10.61466/ijcmr2050002
AMA Style
Sayed O M. Oral Mucosal Absorption: Mechanisms, Methods, and Challenges in Drug Delivery. International Journal of Clinical Medical Research; 2024, 2(5):37. https://doi.org/10.61466/ijcmr2050002
Chicago/Turabian Style
Sayed, Ossama M. 2024. "Oral Mucosal Absorption: Mechanisms, Methods, and Challenges in Drug Delivery" International Journal of Clinical Medical Research 2, no.5:37. https://doi.org/10.61466/ijcmr2050002
APA style
Sayed, O. M. (2024). Oral Mucosal Absorption: Mechanisms, Methods, and Challenges in Drug Delivery. International Journal of Clinical Medical Research, 2(5), 37. https://doi.org/10.61466/ijcmr2050002

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